Types of Defibrillation Devices

Defibrillation, the introduction of electrical shocks in the heart to relieve normal heart rhythm in people experiencing a cardiac arrest or cardiac function is at risk due to serious arrhythmia (anomalies of the heart rate).


Types of Defibrillation Devices

There are several different types of defibrillation devices. The two main types are Automatic External Defibrillators (AEDs) and Automatic Implantable Cardio Rejection Defibrillators (ICDs). AEDs are used in emergency situations related to cardiac arrest. They are portable and can often be found in places where there are a large number of people, for example, at airports. An urgent emergency response that enables early defibrillation is a critical condition for successful cardiac pacing during cardiac arrest. Emergency personnel are trained using AED; However, AEDs are also intended for use by members of the general public, regardless of training. Many countries supplying PES in public places offer training courses, often in combination with training in CRD (cardiopulmonary resuscitation).


MICs are used in patients at high risk of long-term or recurrent arrhythmias, which may impair cardiac performance. The IUD consists of a shock generator and a wire with electrodes at both ends. The generator is implanted under the skin into the vessels or into the abdominal cavity and connects to the wires that are fed through the large vein to reach the atrium or the ventricles of the heart. When the rhythm disturbances are detected by the ICD, it gives an electric shock to the heart to restore normal rhythm; this is known as a cardioversion. When the heart rhythm becomes chaotic, the ICB provides a blow that drops the rhythm. Cardioversion and defibrillation allowed the ICD to prevent sudden death in some patients with severe ventricular arrhythmias. ICDs can be programmed to perform other functions, including pacing of cardiac rhythm in people with ataxia (an abnormally fast heart rate) and an increase in cardiac rhythm in people with intracardiac (abnormal slow pulse).


History of Defibrillation

Defibrillation has long been recognized as a life-saving procedure. One of the first to report cases where electricity was used for the resuscitation of the essentially dead person, which took place in England in 1774, when the electric shock, applied to the chest of a young girl, regained its momentum. In the 1780s, a British surgeon, Charles Kayt, invented the predecessor of a modern defibrillation device. Late studies, including those conducted by the Italian physician and physicist Luigi Galvani in the 1790s and by the Italian physicist Carlo Matteucci, shed light on the electrical properties of animal tissues in the 1840s. In fact, Mattechuchi, in his research on the detection of electric energy in pigeons, he first discovered an electrical current in the heart. Studies conducted in the following decades have led to improved understanding of the electrical features of the heart rate.


In 1947, American physician Claude S. Beck, who explored new methods for defibrillation in humans, reported that he successfully restored normal heart rate in a patient with ventricular fibrillation (irregular and uncoordinated ventricular contraction) during heart surgery. Beck Defecation Technology and the device served as a prototype for the development of modern defibrillators. In the 1960s, the Polish American physician Michel Mirovsky put forward the idea of ​​developing an automatic implantable cardiac defibrillator that could be used in patients affected by certain types of arrhythmia. The first IUD was implanted to the patient on February 4, 1980.


Emergency staff began to prepare for defibrillation in the 1960s, and the first automatic external defibrillators were clinically tested in the early 1980s. The first AEP caused severe shocks in the monophase form of the signal and often required numerous shocks to restore the heart rate. Later, AEEs were refined to deliver a shock to a two-phase signal, which, in relation to monophasic shock, was safer and more effective.


  Cardiology

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